Selden's Gallery of Celestia Pictures, Part 2: Mars

Contents

Mars

Mars

The "Percival Lowell" surface textures were updated to v3 on 22-Jun-2003.
They incorporate the following improvements:

The alignment between the two original GIF images has been improved.
A crude conversion was made from Mercator to Plate Carree. Each 10 degrees of latitude, as indicated by the marginal fiduciary marks, was linearly scaled to be the same size as the interval between 50 and 60 degrees south latitude.
The map's longitude was aligned with the standard map using the dot that seems to correspond to Olympus Mons. Note, however, that dots which correspond to Pavonis Mons and Arsia Mons are drawn somewhat to the southwest of their correct locations.
The resolution has been increased from 1Kx512 to 2Kx1K.

**Mars in the 19th Century**
	Celestia screenshot	Surface texture map	Comment
4: Mars as drawn by Giovanni Schiaparelli		Map of Mars as drawn by Giovanni Schiaparelli.	This surface texture image was created by scaling and rotating a picture of a map of Mars drawn by Giovanni Schiaparelli in 1886. The original JPEG is available on the Web at http://history.nasa.gov/SP-4212/p6.html NASA images are public domain and they claim to have taken it from the article "Flammarion, La Planhte Mars" which originally was published in 1888.
5: Mars as drawn by Percival Lowell		plmars-texture-v3.jpg	This texture was created by joining GIFs of Percival Lowell's sketches of the canals of Mars. The GIFs are available on the Web in the appendix of the electronic edition of the book MARS by Percival Lowell, 1895.
6: Mars as imagined by Percival Lowell		plmars2-texture-v3.jpg	This texture was created from the image shown above using ImageMagick, NetPBM, Painter Classic and a Wacom drawing tablet.
7: Mars as seen now	Mars Viking color PDS map	marsc-1k.jpg	Viking Color data set using the older USGS Mars Mosaicked Digital Image Model 1.0
Mars as seen now	Mars Viking color PDS map (PNG version)

**8: Maps from the Mars Orbital Laser Altimiter (MOLA)**
	Celestia screenshot	Surface texture map	Comment
	For more information about the results from the Laser Altimeter mission, please visit http://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/stories/MOLA/	The textures below were generated by croping and scaling images provided on the Web by NASA.	The original TIFF format maps were the result of work by NASA - Goddard Space Flight Center, Scientific Visualization Studio, Television Production NASA-TV/GSFC, and The MOLA Instrument and Science Team.
Topography	Mars Topography by MOLA	mars-mola-2k.jpg	Blue areas are lowlands. Highlands are mostly red. Original map credit: the MOLA Science Team
Topography	Mars Topography by MOLA (PNG format)
Gravity profile	Mars gravity profile	mars-grav-2k.jpg	Original map credit: the MOLA Science Team
Moho	Mars Moho data	mars-moho-2k.jpg	An indication of mantle thickness. Original map credit: the MOLA Science Team
Moho Cut-Away	Mars Moho / Surface Cut-away	Mars Surface Cut-Away CloudMap When this file is used as a CloudMap, its alpha-channel transparency will reveal part of the underlying surface Texture map.	An indication of mantle thickness shown under a standard surface texture.
Passive Radiometry	radiometry data	radmerge-2k.jpg	Passive radiometry measurements: merged northern and southern summer See also http://ltpwww.gsfc.nasa.gov/tharsis/radiom.html Original map credit: the MOLA Science Team
		Note: NASA overlayed the maps below by a grey-scale shaded relief map.
Slope	slope data	slope_30km-2k.jpg	An indication of the regional surface tilt: Blue: 0.1-0.2 degrees Green: 0.5 Yellow: 1.0 Red: 4.0 White: 20 See also http://ltpwww.gsfc.nasa.gov/tharsis/slopes.html Original map credit: the MOLA Science Team
Roughness	medium roughness data	med_sl_rough_35_s-2k.jpg	An indication of surface roughness. Original map credit: the MOLA Science Team
Surface Roughness	surface roughness data	platel_kh-surface-roughness-2k.jpg	An indication of surface roughness See also http://ltpwww.gsfc.nasa.gov/tharsis/kh.roughness.html Original map credit: the MOLA Science Team

9: Mars: MGS-TES minerology maps

The color maps below, which include MOLA relief shading, are scaled down from images on the Web page http://marsoweb.nas.nasa.gov/dataViz/datamaps.html

The grey maps below, which include no relief shading, are scaled up from images on the Web page http://marsoweb.nas.nasa.gov/landingsites/mer2003/datamaps.html

The data for these maps originate with the Mars Global Surveyor Thermal Emission Spectrometer group in the Department of Geological Sciences at Arizona State University.

Full references for the original TES maps are at http://marsoweb.nas.nasa.gov/landingsites/mer2003/notes/tes_mineral.html.

**Maps from the TES Instrument on the Mars Global Surveyor**
.	.	MOLA Surface Texture Map	Grey Surface Texture Map	.
	Celestia Screenshot	Shown on a MOLA relief map	No relief shading	Comment
Andesite	Andesite	Andesite surface map	Grey Andesite surface map
Basalt	basalt	basalt surface map	Grey basalt surface map
Hematite	hematite	hematite surface map	Grey hematite surface map	A type of mineral usually created from reactions with water.
Merged Greys	Merged Greys	Without MOLA relief shading	TES merged surface map False color map generated from the three grey mineral maps above.	Red = Andesite Green = Basalt Blue = Hematite
Merged normalized Greys	Merged normalized greys	Without MOLA relief shading	TES merged normalized surface map The color map above was "normalized" to accentuate the fainter details, especially those in the hematite map.	Red = Andesite Green = Basalt Blue = Hematite

**10: Martian Cartographic images from PDS**
	The 2048X1024 textures below were generated by slightly scaling down 6 pixel/degree "simple cylindrical projection" maps generated on the Web by the USGS "PDS MAP-A-PLANET" site at http://pdsmaps.wr.usgs.gov/maps.html	The resulting images and texture maps below are abnormally smooth because of the subsampling done by the PDS site when generating the relatively low resolution images.
	Celestia screenshot	Surface texture map	Comments
MDIM-2			updated USGS Mars Mosaicked Digital Image Model 2.0
Viking			Older USGS Mars Mosaicked Digital Image Model 1.0
Color		marsc-2k.jpg	Viking Color data set using the older USGS Mars Mosaicked Digital Image Model 1.0
Merged		marsm-2k.jpg	merge of Viking Color and MDIM1 datasets

11: Using Alternate Surface Textures

mars-maps.zip (6.4MB 21Apr06)
This Zip archive collects all of the maps above other than the Viking images and bumpmaps. Appropriate versions of the latter are included with Celestia. It also includes the AltSurface SSC file described below, along with a link to this Web page.
Starting with v1.3.1pre4, Celestia supports the use of Alternate Surface Textures. In a .SSC file, you can provide a list of textures associated with an object. Then when Celestia runs, you can choose the appropriate texture by Selecting the object and then using the "right-mouse-button-context-menu" ("ctrl-click" on a Mac). It will show the menu item "Alternate Textures" whenever there are alternate textures associated with the Selected object. Alternate textures can include all of the qualities associated with surface textures traditionally used for Celestia's objects, including bumpmaps. Atmospheric effects with clouds are not available, since they're associated with the object itself, not with its surface texture.
Here's an example .SSC file listing many of the maps of Mars that are available on this page.
- mars-maps.ssc (1.5KB, 21Apr06)
```
AltSurface "Schiaparelli's Mars" "Sol/Mars" 
{ 
Texture "schiaparelli.*" 
BumpMap "marsbump.*" 
BumpHeight 2.5 
} 
# and a dozen others
```