Accelerator Physics, USPAS, July 2025

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Accelerator Physics - USPAS

Of the United States Particle Accelerator School - Santa Rosa / CA

Instructors
Georg Hoffstaetter de Torquat	georg.hoffstaetter@cornell.edu
David Sagan	david.sagan@cornell.edu
Assistant
Matthew Signorelli	mgs255@cornell.edu
Joseph Devlin	jpd285@cornell.edu

Electron Microscope LHC at CERN

Purpose and Audience
The purpose of this course is to introduce the students to the physics and technology of particle accelerators. This course is suitable for graduate students or last year undergraduate students. Students can come from the physical sciences or engineering, considering accelerator physics as a possible career. This course also can provide a broader background to engineers and technicians working in the field of accelerator technology.

Prerequisites
Courses in classical mechanics, electrodynamics, and physical or engineering mathematics, all at entrance graduate level; and the USPAS course "Fundamentals of Accelerator Physics and Technology with Simulations and Measurements Lab" or equivalent. It is the responsibility of the student to ensure that he or she meets the course prerequisites or has equivalent experience.

Objectives
Accelerator Physics has applications in particle accelerators for high energy physics of for x-ray science, in spectrometers, in electron microscopes, and in lithographic devices. These instruments have become so complex that an empirical approach to properties of the particle beams is by no means sufficient and a detailed theoretical understanding is necessary. This course will introduce into theoretical aspects of charged particle beams and into the technology used for their acceleration. Students will learn the function of the most relevant accelerator components, will investigate how to measure relevant quantities of beam dynamics, and will understand the physical principle of many beam-dynamical effects in particle accelerators.

Instructional Method
This course is based on lectures in the morning and in the afternoon and on daily homeworks. A final exam concludes the class. Notes of the material that will be presented will be handed out each day. Supplementary reading material is listed below.

Course Content
1. Typical Particle Accelerators
2. Typical Accelerator Components
3. Linear Beam Optics
4. Beam distributions
4. Nonlinear Beam Optcs
5. Differential Albegra for Nonlinear Maps
6. Longitudinal Phase Space
7. Synchrotron Radiation
9. Polarization
10. Waveguides and Cavities

Homework sessions
There will be a homework assignment each night. After dinner, the full group will meet to finish the homework, with the help of the two TAs and the instructors. A part of each homework will ask the student to add features of the day's topics to their own accelerator design by the Bmad / Tao accelerator simulation code. At the end, the following topics will be included in each student's accelerator:

- FODO cells
- Tune control by quadrupoles
- Chromaticity correction by sextupoles
- Beam position monitor, correctors, and closed-orbit correction
- a low beta insertion
- Dispersion supressors
- Detector solenoids and decoupling skew quadrupoles
- W-function corrections to increases the dynamic aperture
- RF systems
- Sawtooth orbits and their correction
- Radiative emittances
- Dispersion measruemtns by RF frequncy change
- Multi-turn phase space tracking
- Amplitude dependent tunes
- Ilands in phase space

Credit Requirements
Students will be evaluated based on performance: final exam (30 % of final grade), homework assignments (40 % of final grade), and lattice design and simulation (30% of final grade).

Literature
Required:
Particle Accelerator Physics, Helmut Wiedemann, Springer, 4th edition
Optional:
Related material:
Handbook of Accelerator Physics and Engineering, Alexander Wu Chao, Maury Tigner, Hans Weise, Frank Zimmermann, 3rd edition, World Scientific

Meeting times
07:30 - 09:00 Beamkfast
09:00 - 12:00 Morning lectures
12:00 - 14:00 Lunch break
14:00 - 17:00 Student presentation preparation or lectures

18:00 - 19:00 Dinner
19:00 - late Supervised homework